Nuclear Museum Logo
Nuclear Museum Logo

National Museum of Nuclear Science & History

John Henry Manley (1907-1990) was an American physicist.

Manley worked on the Manhattan Project almost from its beginning, starting at the Metallurgical Lab at the University of Chicago. At the Met Lab, Manley coordinated nationwide fission research and instrument studies for the early Manhattan Project.

In April 1943, Manley was transferred to Los Alamos and became one of Robert Oppenheimer’s chief aides. He managed Los Alamos’ laboratories, surveyed the landscape around the Trinity test site, and witnessed the first nuclear test in July 1945. As one of the principal assistants at Los Alamos, Manley met and worked with many of the Project’s key scientists and figures, including Oppenheimer, Robert Serber, Isidor Rabi, Edward Teller, General Leslie Groves, and Leo Szilard.

At the end of the war, Manley served briefly as the General Secretary of the General Advisory Committee (GAC) of the newly-created Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). He later became an Associate Director of the Los Alamos National Laboratory, serving there from 1946 to 1951. In late 1951, Manley left Los Alamos to become the chairman of physics at the University of Washington in Seattle, but returned six years later as a research adviser. He served at Los Alamos in that capacity until his retirement in 1972.  

You can find John Manley’s oral history via the Voices of the Manhattan Project, found here.

John’s wife Kay Manley also contributed to the Voices of the Manhattan Project; hear her oral history here

John H. Manley’s Timeline
1907 Jul 21st Born in Harvard, Illinois.

1929 Graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in physics.

1934 Received Ph.D. in physics from the University of Michigan.

19371942 Worked as a professor at the University of Illinois.

1942 Began work on the Manhattan Project, studying the properties of neutrons at the Met Lab in Chicago.

1943 Apr Transferred to Los Alamos and begins working on the construction of laboratory buildings.

19431945 Served as one of the Manhattan Project’s primary assistants, principally responsible for the management of Los Alamos’ laboratories.

1946 Named General Secretary of the General Advisory Committee in the Atomic Energy Commission.

19461951 Left his position in the Atomic Energy Commission to become the Associate Director of Los Alamos National Laboratory.

19511957 Led the Department of Physics at the University of Washington, Seattle.

19571972 Returned to Los Alamos as a research advisor, and stays there until his retirement in 1972.

Related Profiles

Fred Johnson

Y-12 Plant

Fred Johnson worked for the Tennessee Eastman Corporation at the Y-12 Plant.

Charles W. Schwab

Tinian Island

Charles W. Schwab served in the 393rd Bombardment Squadron.

Roald Wangsness

Los Alamos, NM

Roald Wangsness was a staff worker at Los Alamos during the Manhattan Project.

B. J. Stone

Hanford, WA